APA Style Guide

• Author(s) Last Name(s)
• Publication Year
• Page Number(s)

(Smith, 2010, p. 28)

(Smith & Jones, 2010, p. 28)

(Smith et al., 2010, p. 28)

Include the first 2-4 words of the title, excluding articles. The format of the title depends on source type; however, key words should be capitalized regardless of source type. 

Source: article, chapter, webpage ("Writing-to-Learn Activities," 2018, p. 75)

Source: book (Dinosaur in a Haystack, 1998, p. 21)

First Citation: (American Psychological Association [APA], 2019, p. 210)

Subsequent Citations: (APA, 2019, p. 56)

If you incorporate more than one source in a sentence, list them in alphabetical order in the parentheses. 

(Dinosaur in a Haystack,1998, p. 21; Smith, 2010, p. 28)

If you use a source that was cited in another source, cite the original source, followed by the source you read. For example, if you read a work by Lyon et al. (2014) in which Rabbitt (1982) was cited, and you were unable to read Rabbitt’s work yourself, cite Rabbitt’s work as the original source, followed by Lyon et al.’s work as the secondary source. 

(Rabbitt, 1982, p. 53, as cited in Lyon et al., 2014)

(Smith & Jones, n.d., p. 28)

(Smith & Jones, n.d., pp. 28-29)

When quoting directly from a source, ask your instructor if he/she would prefer for you to use another form of information to help locate the passage being cited (ex. paragraph number). 

(Smith & Jones, 2010)

If you incorporate the author name and publication date into your sentence, include only the relevant page number(s) in the parenthetical citation. 

Webster-Stratton (2016) described a case example of a 4-year-old girl who showed an insecure attachment to her mother; in working with the family dyad, the therapist focused on increasing the mother’s empathy for her child (pp. 152–153).

• "In-Text Citations," APA Style Blog
• "In-Text Citations: The Basics," Purdue OWL
• "In-Text Citations: Author/Authors," Purdue OWL
• In-Text Citation Checklist, APA Style